Introduction to Operations Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Prologue to Operations Management - Essay Example The executives of the Zoo has masterminded the offices and administrations for around 10000 guests. Be that as it may, this year, in excess of 10,000 individuals visited the Zoo at the event of August Bank Holidays. Also on the World Animal Day, the quantity of guests surpassed 18,000 guests, about a normal of 4000 guests one after another. There were numerous issues looked by the administration; food ran low, there was no space with the expectation of complimentary stroll in the Zoo, no staff part was there before the guests and there all were lines in the Zoo. The administration of the London Zoo can utilize some different methods of gathering information on their necessary data about the administration quality. They can utilize the gathering centering method to accumulate the data. The gatherings visiting the Zoo can be mentioned to respond to not many of their inquiries. This style of exercises should be possible in very appealing manner declaring some blessing hampers for the gatherings responding to their inquiries and suggesting a few recommendations for the improvement. Talking method is likewise a valuable method to assemble the information. Be that as it may, this procedure may be very little valuable or helpful here. A meeting requires mental planning of the respondent which can not be embraced here as individuals go to the spot for unwinding and pleasure, they dislike along these lines. The above are the classes whereupon data were accumulated. The rating was asked from 1 to 5 with 3 as a normal. The figures from the Appendices 3 and 4, it is seen that the clients rank the Zoo as a normal specialist organization as the normal of the positioning is 2.90 ~ 3. This worth shows that the clients feel that the Zoo is giving diversion of a normal level. The administration is by all accounts increasingly committed towards the improvement of the advancement of the services’ quality. The administration understands its obligation that they have not exclusively to give entertainment however the Zoo represents the consideration of untamed life. This consideration is reflected through the

Impact of Religion on Aztec Cu essays

Effect of Religion on Aztec Cu articles Effect of Religion on Aztec Architecture Presentation: Every human progress has its own strict and otherworldly conviction framework, and this effectsly affects condition. One of them is to manufacture structures like sanctuaries and landmarks for the sake of their divine beings they have faith in. The Aztec Empire was an American express that governed now Mexico from 1427 until 1521, when they were attacked by Spaniards. The limits of the domain were from west from Mexico Valley in focal Mexico to the Gulf of Mexico and at south to Guatemala. Aztec progress was mind boggling as social, political and strict structure. Their capital was Tenochitlan, which was situated in todays Mexico. It comprised of a few waterways, a royal residence, and a tremendous sanctuary. Strict convictions in Aztec life were significant in light of the fact that Aztecs accepted that the divine beings needed to stay solid so as to ensure them. Because of this human penance was a significant piece of love. The conduct of penance was one of a kind for each and every god. In this exposition I will respond to an inquiry which is: What sort of strict conviction did the Aztecs have so as to manufacture gigantic structures to implore their divine beings? This theme appears to be somewhat simple, yet investigating numerous measurements and a bit by bit examination will be sufficient to clarify. Above all else geological structure of nature will be examined. Their natural structure will lead me to the political structure. Political structure is one of the most elevated need impacts which structure strict structure. The individuals who live in that condition will be broke down straightaway and social structure calculation will be the outcome. The mix of all that structure and frameworks will lead me to the end. Where Aztecs decide to manufacture a city wasnt a decent decision. Before they began to manufacture a capital city they attempted to broaden the land. On the lake Texcoco Aztecs have construct man-made islands. To assemble islands like that A ... <!

Importance of global trade in Singapore Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Significance of worldwide exchange Singapore - Essay Example Thusly, the key term will figure out what influences Singapore in the worldwide exchange and what causes it to support the world financial elements in exchange. Worldwide exchange alludes to the trading of products and ventures between various nations on the planet. Along these lines, this examination will draw out the significance of trades of administration and merchandise in Singapore. Singapore has a major job in the worldwide exchange. This is concerning its situation on the planet exchange. The nation has a decent framework set up, and a large portion of its populace is instructed (Eiras et al., 2011). The nation has various European organizations worked there and is among the main outer financial specialist on the planet. The nation likewise has a decent connection with numerous nations. In the wake of comprehension of the ideas, one builds up an enthusiasm to explore about the impact that Singapore has on the worldwide exchange. A conversation of the significance of worldwide exchange Singapore has been investigated utilizing SWOT examination. This will bring more understanding of where Singapore is put right now and its impact in the worldwide exchange Qualities: Singapore is positioned among the biggest exporter of merchandise and enterprises on the planet. With this position, it assumes a pivotal job in worldwide exchange. As a nation it increases, more favorable position as a result of its situation in the worldwide exchange. The nation has accomplished this through grasping of exchange reliance and empowering globalization. The nation additionally has guaranteed monetary security, and this is through the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade GATT that it consented in 1973 (Eiras et al., 2011). These structures a framework that has rules caught in World Trade Organization that see the nation have financial reliance. The nation likewise appreciates the outside direct speculation. It has more than 10,000 organizations from the European Union working over a wide scope of segments. This makes Singapore the fifth biggest outer financial specialist on the planet by 2012 (Country Highlights of The

Essay about Equality in The Workplace Dream or Reality

Women have fought to be treated fairly and should have the same pay as men. Men still have better jobs and receive better pay than women (Cotter, Hermsen and Vanneman). The fight for economic equality has slowed, but it is still necessary in society (Obama). The role of women in society has changed drastically. Women no long have to stay at home and take care of their children. There is now a need for women to work in order to provide for their family. Women continue to dream of a life filled with economic and politically equality. If they continue to work for this dream, it can become a reality. They can break through the stereotypical glass ceiling, â€Å"a term coined by The Wall Street Journal in the mid-1980s to describe an†¦show more content†¦Ã¢â‚¬Å"The US ranks 27th among the world’s developed countries in terms of women’s economic achievement,† this shows how naà ¯ve the United States continues to be (Lee and Wagner). They would be hig her up if they faced the truth that there is economic inequality in the United States instead of thinking that it has been fixed already. However, it is true that the pay gap has improved it hasn’t been completely closed up. In 1963, â€Å"women earned 59 cents for every dollar earned by men† (Obama). In 2010 Boston Fox News stated that, â€Å"women [earn] 81 cents for every dollar earned by men† (Stephanos). Women’s salaries not only suffer due to their gender, but also because of their race. Women have to fight for gender equality and for racial equality because they both affect their work lives. â€Å"White women earned 79% as much as their male counterparts in 2009, while Asian women earned 82% as much† (Statistics). This is one of the reasons why having pay equality is sometimes known as a dream. Fighting through these obstacles is one of the reasons why walking the path of equality is a long and difficult road that many leave for an ea sier road of complacency. Women having been walking down this path and are reaching levels higher than before, especially in education, but the injustice of inequality prevails even under circumstances such as equal education. â€Å"Women today are more likely to attend and graduate from college† (Obama). WomenShow MoreRelatedWomen Of The Corporate World987 Words   |  4 Pagespositions. The reasons why this is important is for diversity in the workplace, representation in the industry, and to break the glass ceiling. Why Women in C-Suit Positions Are Important Since the 1900s, the percentage of women in the workplace has grown substantially. From 21% in 1947 to 61% in 1990, there is no denying that women are here and ready to work (The First Measured Century). So why should businesses diversify their workplace? The issue isn’t just about women’s rights. It comes down to moneyRead MoreThe American Dream : The Reality Of America860 Words   |  4 PagesAmerica throughout time has been known as a country for opportunity and freedom, where anyone can come and have a fair chance at living their â€Å"American Dream.† The stereotypical American dream is having a two parent family, with stable income, owning a home with a white picket fence with two children. But the reality of America is that this â€Å"dream† is achieved more easily by white men. Even though America is supposedly â€Å"The land of the free† and provides â€Å"Liberty and Justice for all†, these statementsRead MoreWomen s Rights Duri ng The 1848 Seneca Falls Declaration And The Triangle Shirtwaist Factory Fire945 Words   |  4 PagesThe women of America have struggled to gain the same equality as men. The 1848 Seneca Falls Declaration and the Triangle Shirtwaist Factory fire were two documents showing the mistreatment and the unfairness of women in the work place and America as a whole. Some people did not believe women had the same rights as men, but women thought otherwise and wanted their voice heard. The aspects of equality in the American Dream were unavailable to women because women were not given the same rights as menRead MoreLooking Back At The Dream Martin Luther King Jr.855 Words   |  4 PagesLooking back at the dream Martin Luther King Jr. had, he envisioned for social equality in this nation. Today that dream in some aspects it is still existent. Although he died for fighting for his dream; unfortunately, it is broken in many ways. His legacy and his dream have lived on for decades but I donâ⠂¬â„¢t know that it is still alive today for multiple reasons. While the Declaration of Independence states that â€Å"all men are created equal,† even after the civil war people of color still receivedRead MoreAnalysis Of I Have A Dream Speech937 Words   |  4 Pagesjust being happy. Martin Luther King Jr. had hope, he had hope for equality and for everyone to be treated equal. In MLK’s â€Å"I Have a Dream† speech this is the most uplifting segment of it. King knows that his audience has suffered from injustice, so they must have faith that things will soon change. King also stresses in the speech about non-violent resistance, African American equality, action is necessary for change and gender equality in today’s society. However, the African American community knewRead MoreEssay on Diversity: The Ethical Choice1410 Words   |  6 Pageschanges in the world† (St. John de Crà ¨vecoeur, 1782). Yet, despite the country’s diverse population, the workplace remains a place of inequality as women and minorities continue to earn less than their white male counterparts (U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, 2011; U.S. Census Bureau, 2009) and advance less in managerial and professional positions (Kinicki Kreitner, 2008). The question of workplace diversity is a polarizing debate with proponents of diversity measures arguing the business benefit ofRead MoreEssay about Women in the Workforce1679 Words   |  7 Pagesuprisings. Sadly, this was not the case. Women’s rights were slow to come and it would still be many years before they achieved even a semblance of equality to men. In the 1920s women became more independent and started to slowly gain rights (â€Å"Women of the Century†). Women’s suffrage was finally granted in 1920, which was a huge step towards equality for men and women. For the first time, women were able to vote on issues that mattered to them, which was extremely important in order to gain moreRead MoreOlder Workers At The Workplace1616 Words   |  7 PagesOlder Workers in the Workplace (3rd draft) Does aging reduce the work effectiveness of older workers? In this fast-growing economy, many people believe that older workers should stop working at a certain age because younger workers will keep up with rapid economic development better. Lois Lowry describes this discrimination in The Giver when citizens get older, they give up their jobs and are treated as children instead of knowledgeable individuals to maintain the sameness in the community. SimilarlyRead MoreLeaders for Social and Political Change1007 Words   |  5 Pages180 wounded at the hands of the law enforcement. This event is known as the Sharpeville Massacre, and is only one example of the brutality that blacks incurred during the time of the apartheid. Nelson Mandela was at the forefront of the fight for equality in South Africa (Nathan, Ditchek, amp; Niss, 1995-2013). The most important political change that was the direct result of Nelson Mandela’s actions was the end of apartheid in South Africa. He began his cause as a leader of the African NationalRead MoreOlder Workers In The Workplace. Does Aging Reduce The Work1668 Words   |  7 PagesOlder Workers in the Workplace Does aging reduce the work effectiveness of older workers? In this fast-growing economy, many people believe that older workers should stop working at a certain age because younger workers will keep up with rapid economic development better. Lois Lowry describes this discrimination in The Giver when citizens get older, they give up their jobs, and are treated as children instead of knowledgeable individuals to maintain the sameness in the community. Similarly, because

The Crucible, Static Character Abigail - 1061 Words

In Arthur Miller s The Crucible, the main character Abigail Williams is to blame for the witch trials in Salem, Massachusetts, Abigail Williams remained a static character throughout the book. Abigail is a mean, deceitful and manipulative person who always wants her way; she has no remorse about who she hurts along her journey to get her want she wants. Abigail Williams is a manipulative evil person throughout The Crucible; she can be characterized as manipulative because she influences the girls throughout the entire book in order to make the witch trials go her way. She often uses verbal and sometimes physical threats to get her way. For example, in the beginning of The Crucible, Betty who is Abigail’s cousin is in a â€Å"coma.† Betty is†¦show more content†¦For example, Abigail displays her mean side when she says, â€Å"You bought me from my bed to speak of her?† By her, Abigail was referring to John Proctor’s wife who throughout The Crucible had tried to get rid to get John Proctor, and although she did get rid of her, she didn’t fully succeed, Proctor was also hung. Abigail Williams is a very deceitful person throughout The Crucible, she can be characterized as deceitful because throughout the book she often pretended to be a perfect puritan in the courts and during church, but really she had been the opposite the whole time. In the beginning of the book, Abigail can be described as deceitful because she began the whole witch trails by telling Reverend Parris that it was all Tituba and her witchcraft the other night, that she had made her do the things that they did. In the middle of the book, she can be characterized as deceitful through this line, â€Å"Suddenly, from an accusatory attitude, her face turns, looking into the air above- it is truly frightened.† Also, shown throughout the words of John Proctor breathless in agony, â€Å"It is a whore!† These lines display her deceitfulness throughout the beginning of the book. At the end of the book, she displays her deceitfulness when she had asked John Proctor how his wife Elizab eth Proctor was when in all reality she had no interest in how she was doing which showed that even at the very end of the book she still had been a deceitfulShow MoreRelatedStatic and Dynamic Characters of the Crucible1381 Words   |  6 PagesStatic and Dynamic Characters of The Crucible The Crucible is a play about the Salem witch trials. Its main characters are richly developed and varied. They consist of a Reverend and his niece; a married couple with their share of problems, along with their servant; and a minister called to the town because of his experience in the field of witchcraft. Each of these characters mentioned have their own traits that they bring to the plot of the story. When examined closely they can each be classifiedRead MoreCharacter Analysis Of Elizabeth Proctor In The Crucible825 Words   |  4 PagesIII A/H 28 November 2017 Character Analysis of Elizabeth Proctor In 1692, many people in Salem, Massachusetts confessed to witchcraft, which resulted in several conflicts. The Crucible, by Arthur Miller, uses real events to develop a fictional play. One of the characters in the play is Elizabeth Proctor. She is a static character because she undergoes very little changes throughout the play. The author illustrates the theme of reputation through Elizabeth. Her character shows traits of strengthRead MoreAnalysis Of Nathaniel Hawthorne s The Scarlet Letter 1452 Words   |  6 Pages 2015 Novel Analysis Assignment The Scarlet Letter by Nathaniel Hawthorne Plot and Conflict The Crucible is a story that revolves around the Salem Witch Trials. The novel takes place in Salem Massachusetts in 1692. It starts off with the local pastor, Reverend Parris, catching a group of girls, one of them his daughter and one of them being his niece, practicing witchcraft in the woods. Abigail is the leader of the group of girls, and her motive for the whole occurrence is to get revenge on ElizabethRead MoreThe Crucible By Arthur Miller1497 Words   |  6 PagesLanguage and Composition Period 2 September 18, 2015 The Crucible by Arthur Miller Plot and Conflict The Crucible, written by Arthur Miller as an allegory for the Red Scare after World War II, tells of the infamous Salem witch trials of 1692. The play opens in the house of Reverend Samuel Parris, whose daughter Betty is unconscious in a trance. At midnight on the previous night, the Reverend witnessed his daughter, slave Tituba, and niece Abigail Williams perform a ritual in the woods. Soon there isRead MoreHow Does Fear and Hysteria Play a Significant Role in Creating and Driving the Conflict and the Chaotic Events That Take Place in Arthur Millers the Crucible?1450 Words   |  6 Pagesdriving the conflict and the chaotic events that take place in Arthur Miller’s ‘ The Crucible’? Fear is a distressing emotion aroused by impending danger, evil or pain, whether the threat is real or imagined.1 It causes feelings of dread and apprehension. Fear can lead to hysteria- a condition where community wide fear overwhelms logic and ends up justifying its own existence. In Arthur Miller’s The Crucible, fear and hysteria are the foundation and antecedent behind the bedlam and conflictingRead Moredead poets society Essay1610 Words   |  7 Pagesbelonging is one of the essential needs of any human being. Belonging can be seen in the prescribed text of Arthur Miller’s The Crucible, Peter Weir’s Dead Poets Society Nathaniel Hawthorne’s The Scarlet Letter, where the central characters are driven by their need to belong or not belong which is ultimately stimulated by the world people around them. The Crucible is based on the Salem community found in Massachusetts, a small religious Puritan village of New England on the true story ofRead MoreThe Salem Witch Trials1154 Words   |  5 Pages The setting is static. It serves as the constant in chaos from the play. The physical settings contributes little to the story other than setting up a place of symbolism, irony, and character development or revealment.In a couple days of which the play spans, dramatic changes to the social structure of Salem occur. As previously stated, The Crucible, elucidated Miller’s take on the Salem witch trials at Massachusetts Bay from 1692 to 1693. This particular period and historical setting are vitalRead MoreEssay on The Dramatic Intensity of The Crucible’s Courtroom Scene4462 Words   |  18 PagesIn this assignment I am going to investigate the Dramatic Intensity of The Crucible’s courtroom scene. I am going to do this by exploring the language used, how the characters develop and how Arthur miller unfolds the plot to keep the reader interested and how emotion and feelings dictate the movements of the play. The Crucible is set against the backdrop of the mad hunts of the Salem witch trials in the late 17th century. It is about a town, after accusations from a few girls, which beginsRead MoreRhetorical Analysis Of Arthur Miller s The Crucible 1251 Words   |  6 PagesIn The Crucible, Arthur Miller employs many rhetorical and poetic elements to depict the changing nature of relationships between the play’s characters. One of the most rhetorically dynamic relationships portrayed in the play is the marriage between the protagonist John Proctor and his wife Elizabeth. Miller skillfully uses Elizabeth and John’s language and the overall tone of their marriage to manifest John’s complex character development throughout the play. The marriage evolves from a relationshipRead MoreCrucible Literary Essay1129 Words   |  5 PagesLiterary Essay: The Crucible by Arthur Miller In The Crucible by Arthur Miller, Reverend Parris is a character in the play that is very static. His character does not evolve in many ways during the course of the play. By the end of the play, Reverend Parris is still selfish, stubborn, and greedy. However, one of his most prominent flaws at the begging of the play is his selfishness. At the very beginning of the play, it is quite obvious that Parris is a selfish person. He only cares

Essay about Utopia Vs. Dystopia - 959 Words

Utopia Vs. Dystopia Each person has their own vision of utopia. Utopia means an ideal state, a paradise, a land of enchantment. It has been a central part of the history of ideas in Western Civilization. Philosophers and writers continue to imagine and conceive plans for an ideal state even today. They use models of ideal government to express their ideas on contemporary issues and political conditions. Man has never of comparing the real and ideal, actuality and dream, and the stark facts of human condition and hypothetical versions of optimum life and government. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp; In the nineteenth century, man believed in the perfectibility of mankind and in the real possibility of an ultimate utopia, a time when man†¦show more content†¦This type of novel warns that if the tendencies of the real world are not corrected before its too late, the hideous world suggested will become a reality. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;George Orwell is one of those authors who has chosen to express his views in an anti-utopian way. Both his books, 1984, and Animal Farm clearly depict the world as it may become if something is not changed. 1984 was written in 1948. When it was first published, there was a great deal of criticism. Some saw it as a prophecy of what was bound to happen to the world; others took it as basically a comment on contemporary studies; still others looked upon the book as a symptom of the authors sick mind. However, Orwell seems to have meant the novel to be a criticism of life in the twentieth century. Orwell came up with the title simply by reversing the last two numbers of the year it was written. It is instead, a warning that unless the world changes its course, man will lose his most human attributes. The philosophy of 1984 is War is Peace;, Freedom is Slavery; and Ignorance is Strength;. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp; When Orwells Animal Farm first appeared in 1945, it was taken entirely as a satire of the history of the Soviet Union and the attitudes and the actions of various Western nations. However, when one looks at Animal Farm moreShow MoreRelatedUtopia Vs Dystopia1530 Words   |  7 Pagesthought is unimaginable. This haunting theme is more commonly found in dystopian literature than in the real world. A dystopia is defined as â€Å"a society characterized by human misery, as squalor, oppression, disease, and overcrowding† (â€Å"Dystopia†). Many dystopias brainwash their people into believing the laws and regulations that are set in that country are normal. Unfortunately, dystopias are commonly ruled by a leader who is unjust and uses his or her power to a dangerous and unlawful extent. In theRead MoreUtopia Vs Dystopia797 Words   |  4 PagesThe topic of utopias have always been an interesting topic for philosophers throughout time. Many ideas and perfect laws have been d iscussed, however every man’s virtue, is another’s vice and there are disagreements. Both Plato’s The Republic and More’s Utopia heavily discuss their ideas of a perfect society. Their thoughts on a utopia have plenty similarities, more specifically in gender relations. They believe that for a society to truly be equal women must work as much as men and that both menRead MoreLiterary Analysis Of Animal Farm By George Orwell1310 Words   |  6 Pagesbe a utopia, the pigs secretly were deceiving their fellow animals and turning the farm into a dystopia. In George Orwell s Animal Farm all of the animals are mistreated by Farmer Jones, but they wish to be treated as equals and live in a utopia so they rebel and take over the farm. The animals first write commandments to avoid chaos, but the leader pigs selfishly modify the commandments in their favor. In the end, the farm is worse off than it was before the rebellion, becoming a dystopia. AnimalRead MoreAnal ysis Of The Poem Darkness At Noon 1429 Words   |  6 Pagescoined the word utopia while he was describing the theoretical characteristics of Atlantis. However, many dystopias have emerged from utopias. Oppression is another predicament which exists in the world. Humans have oppressed each other for centuries and it continues to happen to this day. Xenophobia is another problem which exists in the world. Xenophobia is the hate towards people from other countries, or foreigners. Many works have been influenced by oppression, xenophobia and dystopias around theRead MoreKnowing Is Better Than Not Knowing1676 Words   |  7 Pagesanymore. The Utopians do not think humans need to make their own decisions, but do things if they want to. The Underground Man and Dostoyevsky explain why having a world of Utopia would be very easy and boring and someone would have a stop to it, even if it is good, because human being need their own desire, which leads to Dystopia.   In the novel, the Underground Man and Fyodor Dostoyevsky make the reader understand how the Utopian society is not a good idea. These socialists believe that if everyoneRead MoreEssay On George Orwells 19841385 Words   |  6 Pagesof the illusional world of utopia portrayed by the party’s dystopia through the rule of totalitarianism. As an author, you could almost feel Orwell take over Winston’s character as he makes the decision to write a diary â€Å"To the future or to the past, to a time when thought is free, when men are different from one another and do not live alone -- to a time when truth exists and what is done cannot be undone.† The themes under which Orwell’s book lie under -- appearance vs reality, indoctrination, surveillanceRead MoreFahrenheit 451 Vs. 1984970 Words   |  4 PagesFahrenheit 451 vs. 1984 Ray Bradbury and George Orwell share a very similar theme in their two novels, Fahrenheit 451 and 1984. Winston Smith and Guy Montag work within an authoritarian organization, in which, they have opposing views of the authority. The novels are placed in a dystopian setting that the authority believes is a utopia. The dystopian fictions both have very similar predictions of the future. The predictions from these novels have not happened. However, it could be a short matterRead More1984 vs. Fahrenheit 4512544 Words   |  11 Pages1984 vs. Fahrenheit 451 â€Å"Do you begin to see, then what kind of world we are creating? It is the exact opposite of the stupid hedonistic Utopias†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (Orwell 267). 1984 and Fahrenheit 451 are both dystopias, although in each society, the government tells the citizens that it is a utopia. A dystopia is, â€Å"An imaginary place or state in which the condition of life is extremely bad, as from deprivation, oppression or terror† (â€Å"dystopia†). On the other hand, a utopia is described as, â€Å"An ideally perfectRead MoreA Comparison of Utopian Societies885 Words   |  4 Pagescitizens has been to create the â€Å"perfect† society. To a majority of people in the novels Brave New World (c.1932) by Aldous Huxley and The Giver (c.1993) by Lois Lowry, a utopia and â€Å"perfect† society has been accomplished. But at a second glance, the world that Huxley creates and Lowry’s community are actually totalitarian dystopias with many secrets. The similarities of both novels are evident and some readers may make the conclusion that Lowry simply wrote a spinoff of Huxley’s novel. Yes, the similaritiesRead MoreTar Baby And Brave New World Analysis2052 Words   |  9 Pagesthe two novels called â€Å"Tar Baby† and â€Å"Brave New World’. In the novel, â€Å"Tar Baby†, by Toni Morrison she uses allegory, symbolism, and theme nature vs civilization. To illustrate how the character Jadine in the novel is away from her native place, making her feel different. Whereas, in the novel, â€Å"Brave New World† by Aldous Huxley, who uses utopia, dystopia, symbolism, and the theme of identity to portray how the character John the Savage, does not fit into the World State or the Savage Reservation Society

Crisis of Myanmar Rohingya-Free-Samples-Myassignmenthelp.com

Question: To understand a current crisis situation, it is crucial to understand the history of the nation, its culture, political regime evolution, religion, geographical location, neighbouring nations and their past diplomatic relationships with the nation, the civil structure (including ethnic groups). The chosen crisis is that of Myanmar and the Rohingya. Answer: Name: Instructor: Course: Date: Myanmar crisis Myanmar is a Southeast Asian country whose size is 261,228 square miles (676,578 square kilometers) (Topich et al. 6). Formerly as Burma, the country borders Bangladesh and India to the west, Laos, and Thailand to its west and China to its north. Myanmar has more than 100 ethnic groups whose official language is Burmese, and about seven recognized regional languages (Topich et al. 7). The country's capital city is Naypyidaw. Yangon is the countrys largest city and its former capital city. The country was colonized by Britain until it gained its independence in 1948 (Cederman et al. 11). Before the invasion of British who came in as colonizers, the indigenous inhabitants of Myanmar lived as one community. However, with the British rule in place, there was an introduction of various economic, social-cultural and administrative changes that completely changed the country (Keyes et al. 23). Since independence, the state has witnessed longest-running civil wars from multiple groups representing political and ethnic minority groups and succeeding central governments. Due to conflict, the nation was under the military rule since 1962 until 2010, the situation which left the country to be among the least developed country (Cederman et al. 14). Despite the introduction of a new constitution 2008 and a democratic election in 2010, the military continues to hold significant power within the government (Topich et al. 11). The country's culture is based on Buddhism or Hindu myths, the aspect which has been influenced by its neighboring countries like China and India (Topich et al. 16). Westernization and the presence of the British colonial rule have also profoundly changed many aspects of Burmese culture, including education and language. The country is characterized by diverse ethnic groups which has brought struggle for natural resources, territories, and self-determination among various ethnic groups (Topich et al. 17). Since 1988, Myanmar has continued to expand its regional relationships (Topich et al. 17). Currently, the country is a member of Bay of Bengal Initiative for Multi-Sectoral Technical and Economic Cooperation (BIMSTEC), Association of Southeast Nations (ASEAN), United Nations (UN), and World Trade Organization (WTO). Due to the above affiliation, the representatives of UN, EU and those from ASEAN have visited Myanmar (Vivian 2017). As mentioned earlier, Myanmar has undergone various military coups in the 60s, 70s, and 80s (Topich et al. 26). The country maintained the name Burma until 1989 after an army coup led by General Saw Maung when the state changed its name to Myanmar (Topich et al. 27). The regime felt that the name Myanmar was more inclusive of the minority ethnic groups and cultures as opposed to Burma which was derived from one majority ethnic group (Topich et al. 28). Rohingya crisis in 2015 refers to the mass migration of Rohingya people from Myanmar (Vivian 2017). Most of the refugees who fled the country sought refuge in countries like Bangladesh, Malaysia, Indonesia, and Thailand. Rohingya people are a minority Muslim group who lives in the western state of Rakhine in Myanmar. The regime does not acknowledge group as they were referred to as refugees from Bangladesh. As a result, the Rohingya people face a lot of hostility from the government as they are highly prosecuted (Vivian 2017). Therefore, it has led to mass migration to the neighboring states seeking refuge and other humanitarian support. The international community responded to the incident by disapproving the campaign of ethnic cleansing." Many countries who are members to United Nations primarily US and UK pledged to help the Rohingya refugees. Countries like the US even allowed people from the country into state. The UK government has promised to give out 47 million pounds to help in providing emergency services and supplies to the refugees (Vivian 2017). Even the British citizens contributed around 17 million pounds to improve on the menace (Vivian 2017). As a diplomat and an international relations expert, engaging in a few steps which would help in ensuring there are no more refugees fleeing the country, and also warrant that neighboring states are as friendly is essential. First and foremost, urging the government of Myanmar to stop killing and prosecuting Rohingya people and also ensuring their rights are protected which includes right to settle and enjoy life in Myanmar is of essence (Misra 52). Secondly, ensuring engagement in international community including UN and ASEAN to take part in trying to mediate and negotiate with the government of Myanmar to eradicate all the discriminatory laws and allow the Rohingya people to remain in the country (Misra 54). Finally, encouraging the neighboring countries like India and Bangladesh to host the refugees, being friendly by offering all the humanitarian support as diplomat cohorts negotiate for a long-lasting solution (Misra 55). Conclusion Clearly, the level of ethnic division being witnessed in Myanmar traces its way back from the colonial era. Colonization brought division among the people leading to majority and minority groups in the country. The ongoing prosecution and elimination of Rohingya people is a human rights violation, and it should come to an end. Thus, the international community, humanitarian groups, and diplomats should aid in averting further crisis. Works cited Cederman, Lars-Erik, Kristian Skrede Gleditsch, and Halvard Buhaug.Inequality, grievances, and civil war. Cambridge University Press, 2013, pp. 10-19. Keyes, Charles F., and Shigeharu Tanabe.Cultural crisis and social memory: Modernity and identity in Thailand and Laos. Routledge, 2013. pp. 21-38. Misra, Amalendu.Politics of civil wars: conflict, intervention resolution. Routledge, 2013, pp.51-58. Topich, William J., and Keith A. Leitich.The history of Myanmar. ABC-CLIO, 2013, pp.5-35. Vivian Tan. UNHCR report.Over 168,000 Rohingya likely fled Myanmar since 2012, UNHCR, The Refugee Agency, 03 May 2017

Process Selection and Design Essays - Sleep, Home Appliances

Week 1 ? Topic 1: Process Selection and Design Looking at the initial process in getting myself and my children together, I found two major bottle neck areas, and other hindering factors that affect the process design related to preparing myself and my children ready for school and work. I have three children. My oldest is a girl and is 18 years old. The middle child is also a girl, and is 15 years old. The third is a boy, and recently turned 13 years old in May. The morning usually started with my alarm going off at 0630. I will admit that there are times when I do hit the snooze button to get an additional nine minutes of sleep, but my snooze limit is one! Once awake, I go to each child?s room to wake them up. My daughters consistently wake up, however, it usually takes another time or two to wake up my son. I then move on to the bathroom to shower, and to brush my teeth and finish hair and makeup. While I am showering, one of the children showers and brushes his or her teeth in the second bathroom. My son is normally sleeping until I finish my bathroom time, and gets the final wake up call to get up and to start his own shower. My daughters usually take turns showering in the other bathroom. After all bathroom activity, clothes are ironed. Usually, the first person done with bathroom time gets to the iron first. As I noted on the original flowchart, for the sake of time (or so I thought), if ironing was not complete by the time I needed to the iron, I finished all of the ironing myself. From the 0630 wake up (sometimes 0639), waking the kids and finishing my bathroom time about 25 minutes have gone by. If the ironing is not complete by each child, I am rushing by then to make sure their clothes are done, so that we can all get dressed and I can provide some type of breakfast. The type of breakfast depends on the amount of time available. We all must leave the house by 0745 to get to our respective places on time. If I am done dressing by 0715, I am able to actually cook something like eggs, bacon and toast. If running any later than that, it becomes a pop tart or cold cereal morning. Using the utilization metric in looking at my morning process, it is clear that many improvements are needed. The first bottleneck occurred at the bathrooms. There are two in the house, however, because everyone in my household was showering in the morning, a bottleneck occurred, accounting for unnecessary space between individual cycle periods while one person is waiting for the other to finish. This without a doubt affects our morning productivity causing unneeded delays. The second bottle neck occurred in the area of ironing clothes. Although there are two irons and ironing boards, four of us usually have ironing to do, and again, we run into a bottleneck and unproductive waiting time. My initial plan involved ridding the process of the unnecessary delays caused by the bottlenecks. The proposed solution for bathroom time involved at least two people bathing at night versus in the morning, thus freeing up the bathrooms and eliminating unnecessary halts in production. For ironing, the suggested improvement was weekend preparation of everyone?s clothing for the week. This eliminates extra steps in the morning process as well as halts in production. Changing showering time shaved a good 20 minutes off of the time we all spend in the bathrooms. Over the weekend, the girls faithfully prepared their clothes, but I found that the ironing job my son did towards the end wasn?t so great. Therefore I added to the process to check the clothing prepared before the weeks started to ensure things are done correctly before the week starts. Each child has a clock in the room, but none with loud alarms. Over the first weekend, I purchased three alarm clocks with blaring alarms and placed them across the room to ensure my kids would have to actually stand up and turn off the

Broken Essays - Free Essays, Term Papers, Research Papers

Broken Essays - Free Essays, Term Papers, Research Papers Broken Love lost can be found, if just in a dream, The wash of sleep is welcomed so it can begin, A dream of what has now wilted, Before it can begin however, my mind seems to wander, I wonder how it happened, when did our love die, I ponder? And as my heart shatters against my reality, Like crystal against steel, I give in to the feelings of self-pity, Of hopelessness and dread. I wish for a dream to drown these feelings, Yet if it is to forever be just in a dream, Then nevermore will I be willing to give my heart away To another who could hurt me this way. Does this make me a coward? Refusing to play a game with such cruelty and power. Should I journey into this game again? Should I refuse to play at all? Still, how will I know until I begin. For now, pain is my pillow, not at all comfortable, For I am not brave enough to begin the journey, not just yet. Anthony Coots Copyright 2001 Anthony Coots

United States-Centric Views Comparison Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

United States-Centric Views Comparison - Essay Example At the same time, we consider women among Christian Americans usually go to work. Besides, we share the same opinion that one can identify secular content in education of Christian Americans. They are with moderate political values but governed by Biblical law. But political environment among the same is open to both sexes. They are socially inclusive, socially compliant and feminists (applicable to male and female members). There are a number of aspects which my friend and I share the same opinion on Muslim and Arab Americans (see appendix 1 and 2). For instance, both of us consider that Muslim and Arab Americans are oppressive to women, women folk are homemakers, and their society is patriarchal society. Besides, both of us consider that there is high religious content in their educational system. So, they share conservative political values, governed by the Qur’an, and are fanatically religious. The texture of male-domination can be seen in their political environment, socially exclusionary behavior. But Louise Cainkar states that the Arab Americans face oppression and marginalization in American society (Cainkar, 2009, p.96). So, both of us consider that Muslim and Arab Americans are socially oppressed and sexists. The appendices (see appendix 1 and 2) prove that there exists a number of dissimilar opinions about Christian Americans, Muslim and Arab Americans. For instance, I consider Christian Americans as good neighbors, immodestly dressed, well educated, law abiding, who considers religion as the part of government, peaceable, and with strict moral values. But my friend does not share the same opinion on foretold view points. On the other side, I consider Muslim and Arab Americans as modestly dressed, undereducated, religious values perpetuated in politics, violent, and with flexible moral values. But my friend does not share same opinion on foretold view points. But both of

Project and homework Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Project and homework - Essay Example > 30. Under the assumption that the population is distributed normally a two sample z test for independent samples with unknown ÏÆ'1 and ÏÆ'2 is suggested. The above mentioned test is used to test the difference between the means of two populations. The standardized test statistics is, The computed T-statistics and p-value with 5% level of significance and critical value t(0.05, 82) = 1.98, are exhibited in table 1.1. The computation is done under the assumption of unequal variances due to the observed difference of respective values in descriptive statistics (table 1.0) between both the samples. 2) Columns containing data are OLD, NEW. This data contains information showing the amount of sales for 15 stores both before and after new shelf facings were installed. You suspect and wish to prove that the mean sales with the new facings is different from the mean sales under the old facings. The samples are considered as dependent due to the fact that they are related to same population. The population standard deviations of the both the samples are unknown. The sample sizes are considered to be small i.e. < 30. Under the assumption that the population is distributed normally a paired sample t-test is suggested. The above mentioned test is used to test the difference between the means of two dependent samples. The standardized test statistics

Environmental Justice and Sustainability Essay Example for Free

Environmental Justice and Sustainability Essay Alex Steffen and Sarah Rich, executive editors of the bright green environmentalist online magazine WorldChanging recently observed that while environmental movements have focused primarily on confronting the ecological injustices that have become a historical trademark of industrialization, it has made little of a name for itself in addressing the social injustice that is also a part of environmental degradation. (Steffen Rich, 2007) Steffen and Rich remark, â€Å"the environmental movement has grown and become known (at least early on) more for its vehement advocacy for whales and rainforests than for disenfranchised citizens† noting that the latter is generally regarded as a concern of other movements related to social justice and civil rights. However, they note that it has become increasingly apparent that social injustice and environmental degradation are inextricably related to one another. (Steffen Rich, 2007) While many cities have begun to embrace the concept of sustainability into their policies, few have taken environmental justice into account. Van Jones neatly summarized the issue of environmental justice when he declared at last year’s Green Festival in Chicago, Who are we going to take with us, and who are we going to leave behind? Jones concern was that the environmental movement is divided between the rich and the poor. (Anderson, 2007) As such, any definition of sustainability must take the social dimensions of environmental damage into account, for the degradation of the environment is in fact, a civil injustice. Sustainability must embrace environmental justice by letting â€Å"environment† stand not just for concerns over resources, pollution and biodiversity but concerns over equitable distribution of resources, human health and racial equality. (Steffen Rich, 2007) The city of San Francisco has embraced the United Nations definition of sustainability and has conclusively inferred that sustainability means social equity as much as it does environmental responsibility. However, it is also rather vague about what social equitability means. (Magilavy, 2008) Sustainability policies should declare that improvements and protection of environmental welfare should be applied without discrimination. They should declare that resources are distributed equally and access to justice over environmental matters should be available to all, and that participation and decision making should be not limited to an exclusive demographic class or ethnicity. Likewise, environmental injustices such as the systemically inequitable distribution of wealth, the discriminatory improvement of environment, or the denial of access to information and participation in decision making in environmental-related policies should be covered by sustainability policies. As such, if the heart of sustainability’s definition is concern for the ecosystem and life within it, then it also includes the human beings who are part of it as well. The goal of sustainability should then be the achievement of the longevity of human and planet welfare, rather than just environmental protectionism by another name. The Global Footprint Network defines ‘ecological debt’ as the sum of all deficits in the biocapacity of the planet, and asserts that humanity’s demands on the planet is continuously exceeding that biocapacity. As such, the Network contends that we are in a state of overshoot, placing greater demands on nature than can it regenerate. (Global Footprint Network, 2008) This concept is crucial to the conception of environmental justice. Sustainability metrician Mathis Wackernagel (co-founder of The Global Footprint Network) has theorized that an equitable distribution of planetary capital would mean that our ‘fair share’ would have to be limited in addition to being sustainable. As such, Alex Steffen argues that the essence of sustainability is using the planet’s resource capital to create investments such that the same capital exists for future generations, anything else is unjust. (Steffen, 2006) Ecological democracy is an important means of achieving sustainability and environmental justice. To ensure that the environmental welfare of all individuals, regardless of race, class or gender is accounted for and that it is not done at the expense of planetary capital and the environmental welfare of future generations, decisions must be made that are free from the influence of the economic elite, racial factions, political forces and other special interests. In other words, the decisions to be made about the future of the environment must be done democratically to ensure that all have a say in the control of their local environment. Sustainability begins with environmental justice, which in turn is possible only with ecological democracy. The only alternative to such a form of environmentalism is a continuing perpetuation of inegalitarian systems, where we save the planet not for future generations, not for our fellow men, but for ourselves. REFERENCES Anderson, D. (2007, April 22) Dispatch from Greenfest Chicago: Van Jones on Green Collar Jobs and Our Shared Future, Part 1. Retrieved April 1, 2008 from http://davidanderson. greenoptions. com/2007/04/22/dispatch-from-greenfest-chicago-van-jones-on-green-collar-jobs-and-our-shared-future-part-i/ Global Footprint Network. Glossary. Retrieved April 1, 2008 from http://www. footprintnetwork. org/gfn_sub. php? content=glossary Magilavy, B. (2008) Sustainability Plan. Retrieved April 1, 2008 from http://sustainable-city. org/Plan/Intro/intro. htm Steffen, A. Rich, S. (2007, May 28) Principle 17: Environmental Justice. Worldchanging. Retrieved April 1, 2008 from http://www. worldchanging. com/archives/006778. html Steffen, A. (Ed. ) (2006) Worldchanging: A User’s Guide for the 21st Century. New York: Abrams, Inc.

Roswell :: essays research papers

Roswell Description In the summer of 1947, there were a number of UFO sightings in the United States. Sometime during the first week of July 1947, something crashed near Roswell. W.W. â€Å"Mac† Brazel went with his son and neighbours Floyd and Loretta Practor, to check on their sheep after a fierce thunderstorm that had taken place just the night before. As they were walking to where the sheep were they saw pieces of what seemed like metal debris. After a bit more investigating, Brazel saw a shallow trench that was several hundred feet long. Brazel went to Roswell and reported it. On July 1947 the press said that a wreckage of a crashed disk had been recovered and issued to col. William Blanchard of the 509th bomb group at Roswell. Just hours later the 509th bomb group said it had been mistakenly identified as a flying saucer when in fact it was really only a weather balloon. When and by whom was this debris found? W.W. â€Å"Mac† Brazel gathered his son and neighbours to check on the sheep because of a storm. On the way to check on the sheep the group found bits of debris everywhere and a long shallow trench. Could it have been a weather balloon? Col. Blanchard sent Major Jesse Marcel to investigate. Marcel was able to determine what direction it came from, and which direction it was heading. He also believed it must of exploded above the ground and fell. Major Jesse Marcel said the debris was â€Å"strewn over a wide area and the metal was as thin as aluminium foil but indestructible†. Is there anything to indicate that this really was a UFO but it was being covered up the 509th bomb group? Back in Roswell, Glenn Dennis, a young mortician working at the Ballard Funeral Home, received some curious calls one afternoon from the morgue at the airfield. It seems the Mortuary Officer needed to get a hold of some small hermetically sealed coffins, and wanted information about how to preserve bodies that had been exposed to the elements for a few days, without contaminating the tissue. Glenn Dennis drove out to the base hospital later that evening where he saw large pieces of Wreckage with strange engravings on one of the pieces sticking out of the back of a military ambulance. Upon entering the hospital he started to visit with a nurse he knew, when suddenly he was threatened by military police and forced to leave.

Cbta

Military profession can be considered as one of the oldest professions in the world. It had been a feature of societies throughout history where certain groups of people were entrusted with the responsibility of defending the state. The military profession today however, differs in many aspects from the military of the late eighteenth century in the sense that recruitment is based on education and skill rather than on the basis of social origins. Military men today work on a full-time basis instead of regarding military service as a part-time vocation or hobby.All professions are expected to maintain a certain level of competency and will be reprimanded or reject outright if they do not measure up to the required professional standards. The military profession must maintain high standards of performance in the eyes of the general public in order to hold its credibility and professional standing. Over the years, western writers like Huntington (1957), Janowitz (1971) and Sarkesian (19 75) had given their views on the subject of military profession and professionalism.They had identified the following general characteristics of military professionalism which are organizational structure, special knowledge, education and training, self-regulation and commitment. The Malaysian Army had rise up to the challenge in addressing the issues of military professionalism among its personnel. All the characteristics of military professionalism mentioned earlier are being addressed seriously by the Army.Thus, one of the measures taken by the Army that the best place to start inculcating professionalism among the soldiers should start at the training centers. The Army has 17 training institutions all over the country and in 2011 the budget allocated for the Markas Pemerintahan Latihan dan Doktrin Tentera Darat was $22. 7 million. With 250 courses and 441 series of courses in 2011, the number of soldiers trained in year 2011 was approximately 16,000. This is a significant figure that can be considered as products of the Malaysian Army.Therefore, the Army has taken an approach by introducing the Competency Based Training and Assessment (CBTA) as a measure to increase the level of professionalism among its personnel. CBTA is not a new approach in training. It has been a nationwide move by the Ministry of Human Resources. Malaysia, along with the United Kingdom, Australia, New Zealand, South Africa, Sweden and Germany were the main players in implementing CBTA since year 2000. The introduction of the National Skills Certification System in 1993 by the Majlis LatihanVokasional Kebangsaan (MLVK) and the soon to be implemented National Skills Development Act by the Ministry of Human Resources as well as the Malaysian Qualification Framework (MQF) by the Ministry of Higher Education will serve to restructure and streamline the national vocational and skills training in the country towards meeting the demands of today’s job tasks more effectively. Its intro duction is indeed timely, given the high priority that it places on the area of human resource development.With the emphasis towards preparing trained and qualified skilled workforce to support the country’s economic development, therefore, the more flexible framework of national skills recognition and qualifications is necessary to promote a conducive training culture for the personal motivation of skilled workers, which would hence lead to the overall upgrading of competencies amongst the country’s skilled workforce. Competency based learning has been the basis of most training and has been practiced in most countries.The Roman Army for example, were masters of competency training as applied to large groups and their effectiveness in delivering such training was a major contributor to their military success. A perfect description of competency training is as follows: â€Å"Their drills are like bloodless battles, and their battles are like bloody drills. † Jos eph Ben-Matthias, aka Flavius Josephus The terms of CBTA have many variations. Some countries know it as Competency Based Learning (CBL) and some countries call it Competency Based Training (CBT). Nevertheless, competency is the main keyword.CBT was a critical factor in the US Army’s ability to train several million young men during World War II. With the attack on Pearl Harbor in 1942, the US Military was faced with the requirement to train millions of young men for its rapidly expanding armed forces. This rapid expansion required a method for quickly providing people with the knowledge, skills and attitudes required to do a particular job. Using variations of CBT, millions of young men were trained, shipped to Europe or the Pacific and due to their training played a major role in the defeat of Germany and Japan.The role of training in enabling the US Military to expand from a very small army to one of several millions in only a short period of time is mainly due to the effe ctiveness of CBT. The Vocational Education, Employment and Training Advisory Committee of Australia, sees CBTA as â€Å"training geared to the attainment and demonstration of skills to meet industry-specified standards rather than to an individual’s achievement relative to that of others in a group†. CBTA is basically a scientific approach to training that relies on identifying the knowledge, skills and attitudes required to do a particular job, for example for an infantry soldier.The approach taken was to break each job down into groups of competencies. Competencies related to any particular job could be identified through a careful process of training analysis in terms of performance, conditions and standards. For example an infantry soldier might be required to perform firing of a rifle. The conditions required to fire the rifle at various conditions and positions. Example of standards required are, during day on a range at one hundred meters score fifty hits on a t arget measuring three foot high two foot wide, while standing.There is considerable debate as to what actually makes a competency, but for general purposes it can be identified as a readily identified group of related knowledge, skills and attitudes, which taken together constitute a major part of a job which is subject to measurement and assessment. Generally if you cannot measure performance with a stop watch then it is probably not a competency. To give an example, firing a rifle in terms of infantry training can be regarded as a competency. It is a major part of an infantry man’s job. It can be measured in terms of performance, conditions and standards and you can put a stop watch to it.For example, ten shots in the target within one minute. The Malaysian Armed Forces (MAF) adopted CBTA based on the concept implemented by the Australian Defence Forces (ADF). The ADF practiced the CBTA concept since year 1996. The MAF, realizing the need to revamp the approach towards trai ning, started the initiative towards CBTA in 2002 and started implementing CBTA in year 2007. The introduction of CBTA in the Army training programs has lead to the establishment of the Malaysian Army Competency Standard (MACS). It is a document that underlines the necessities and requirements that must be obtained by a soldier in their field of expertise.MACS will be assessed based on job proficiency in order to make sure soldiers can accomplish tasks at a level that can be accepted. The Army has identified that there are 318 career and functional courses based on the Armed Forces Code No 2 (AF Code No 2) that need to meet the requirement of MACS. Since the introduction of CBTA until end of year 2011, the number of soldiers who have qualified for the Malaysian Skills Certification (MSC) or also known as Sijil Kemahiran Malaysia (SKM) from Army training institutions is 42,408 students.MSC or SKM is a certification structure which comprises of five levels National Skills Qualificatio n Framework based on National Occupational Skills Standard (NOSS). MACS development for the courses listed in the AF Code No 2 varies in terms of achieving SKM accreditation ranging from SKM Level 1 to 5. The strengths of implementing CBTA in the Army encompassed all the general characteristics of military professionalism mentioned earlier. In the area of education and training, once the competencies have been identified then it is relatively easy to structure a training course.You might break the competencies down into component tasks, for example before you can fire a rifle, you would have to learn how to strip and assemble that rifle. That particular task might be listed as a specific learning outcome which has to be performed before meeting the final competency of firing a rifle under specific conditions. It would then be relatively easy to structure a training course, which might involve initial training and then further ‘On-The-Job’ training (OJT), which would del iver to the Army, soldiers with the necessary competencies to do the job required.Implementation of CBTA also allows the Army training institution to produce a more comprehensive training package that take into account the core values of competency (knowledge, skill and attitude). Efficiency in managing training courses, effectiveness of course delivery and systematic evaluation or assessment, ensure the quality of training, hence ensuring the quality of soldiers. Evaluation of a soldier does not end only at a particular training institution, which is the main approach in conventional method of training. CBTA allows continuous evaluation in the form of competency log.This would ensure that a soldier does not only competent during training but also when performing task and duties at workplace. In addition, CBTA can also help the Army to develop a good organizational structure as part of achieving military professionalism. Job analysis and job specification which have been identified during CBTA process, allows the Army to have the right person for the right job. This would allow the Army to identify what sort of competency and soldiers it needs in its organizational hierarchy. Improvements have also been made on Army training centers organizational structure.Moreover, besides having at least an officer responsible on CBTA at each of the Army training institutions, the Army also has started grooming its staff and instructors on what CBTA is all about. In year 2011, there were 5 courses conducted in the Army which aimed to increase the knowledge of the staffs and instructors. The courses were, Pegawai Latihan Vokasional (3 series), Induksi Pentauliahan Persijilan Kemahiran (3 series), Course of Study (4 series), Basic Instructor Methodology (1 series) and Kursus Induksi Pegawai Pengesahan Luaran Vokasional (1 series).These courses would lead the Army to ensure that CBTA is well understood, taught and implemented. As a result, the objectives of CBTA implementation can be achieved. Military professionalism should not only be accepted among military personnel but it must be recognized by the general public. CBTA has allowed military professionalism to be accepted and recognized. The implementation of CBTA in the Army is consistent with the requirement of MLVK. Adoption of CBTA provides soldiers with another qualification path and career development opportunity that has been established in line with the academic qualification structure.In other words, this means that the double qualification structure is based on two types of qualifications, namely the academic qualification and the skills qualification that are available in this country today. The emergence of this new skills qualification structure has opened up a whole new set of opportunities for all soldiers after completing their service in the Army. In addition, it also caters to soldiers who have no qualifications to show despite having years of working experience.As an example, PULMAT has able to get SKM accreditation of SKM Level 4 for its Souse Chef course. It is the highest level of SKM accreditation achieved among all the 318 courses conducted by Army training institutions. Attaining SKM Level 4 accreditation is equivalent to a diploma based on NOSS. Therefore, it can be said that soldiers who have achieved competency in the course is at par with others in the business environment or the labour market. They would also have a better career path after completing military service if they decided to pursue any job with similar competency level.A lot of discussions have been made regarding to the advantages and strengths of CBTA in having the Army desired results. Nevertheless, CBTA also have some weaknesses in heading to higher level of professionalism in the Army. Looking at the milestone and achievement of CBTA in the Army until today, the figures and statistics can be said to the extent of they are alarming. Out of the 17 Army training institutions, only 9 tra ining centers or about 50% are considered accredited training centers. They are IKED, IKEM, IJED, PULMAT, PULNORD, PULAPOT, PULPAK, PULADA and IPDA.These training centers have in total of 42 courses out of 318 courses that have been accredited with SKM certification. This only made up to approximately 13% out courses listed in the AF Code No 2. Only one course managed to get SKM Level 4, 13 courses at SKM Level 3 and 28 courses with SKM Level 1 to Level 2. IJED has the most courses in terms that are accredited with the national level SKM. Based on the AF Code No 2, year 2011, out of the 21 courses were conducted by IJED, 12 courses are accredited with national SKM.In addition, IKEM and PULMAT have 7 courses each with national SKM accreditation. PULADA on the other hand, only have 1 course (Dog Unit Handler Course) which has achieved national SKM accreditation. This is very distressing figures for the Infantry Corps in terms of where is the future of Infantrymen during their service and once they leave the service. The competence level of Infantrymen should portray the professionalism of the Army since most Infantry officers would end up as top brass in the Army.As for the future of Infantrymen after their service, the Army must take a necessary action to in order to ensure that Infantry soldiers have a decent competency to compete in the labour market, especially for the other ranks where they would normally retire by the age of 45 and still need to work to support their family. With only 1 course accredited (SKM Level 2) out of 18 courses conducted by PULADA, CBTA can be said as failed to increase the level of professionalism for the Infantrymen. Only those who have the technical skills and knowledge while serving in Corps such as KJLJD and KPD would reap the benefits of CBTA.With majority of Army personnel were only trained at SKM Level 1 and 2, one lead to wonder how SKM Level 1 and Level 2, help the Army to increase professionalism among its personnel. The general guideline of SKM level is as the following diagram. SKM Level 1 and Level 2 are categorized as in the operation and production level in terms of category of personnel. These are the level where most of Army personnel managed to obtain SKM certification from attending courses in year 2011. In year 2011, 4,800 Army personnel obtained SKM certification.Only 11% (550 personnel) obtained SKM Level 3, 32% (1,516 personnel) obtained SKM Level 2 and 57% (2,734 personnel) obtained SKM Level 1. Thus, referring back to the general characteristics of military professionalism, if the Army considers having most of its personnel achieving SKM Level 1 and Level 2 as increment in professionalism, then CBTA would have met its objective. Nevertheless, military professionalism is more than just special skills as in SKM Level 1 and Level 2. The Army should be looking at aiming for at least SKM Level 3 in order to increase some level of professionalism.SKM Level 3 will allow soldiers to have the three categories of personnel as shown in the diagram. The categories are skills, related/management skills and supervisory skills. Mastering them would lead to achieving military professionalism. When the MAF adopted CBTA, the general guideline of SKM competency has been laid out based on rank structure. SKM Level 1 for the rank of Private and Lance Corporal, Level 2 for Corporal, Level 3 for Sergeant and Staff Sergeant, Level 4 for Warren Officers and Level 5 for Officers. It can be said that some courses in the Army failed to meet the guideline.As an example, the Section Commander course conducted at PULADA, is only developed to achieve SKM Level 2. Thus, for the Infantry Corps, most of its sergeants would have SKM Level 2 instead of SKM Level 3 as required by the MAF. This should be a major concern for the Infantry Corps because it has the most number of personnel in the Army. The number of personnel with the rank of sergeant in the Infantry Corps is approximately 1,500 personn el. In the Infantry Standard Battalion, personnel holding the rank of sergeant are 56% (57 personnel) out of the 102 Non-Commissioned Officers (NCOs) in the battalion.The Infantry Section Commander course at PULADA basically focus on field application and tactics and not so much focus on managerial and administrative duties at the battalion. The managerial and administrative duties are covered mostly during the Pegawai Tidak Tauliah Rendah (PTTR) course at IPDA. Nevertheless, an infantry soldier is qualified to be given the rank of sergeant once he completed the Infantry Section Commander course. In an Infantry battalion, he is responsible to manage 7 personnel in his section.In year 2011, PULADA conducted 3 series of the Infantry Section Commander course with total number of approximately 300 students. The 300 personnel would have little knowledge of managerial and administrative duties due to normal practice applied in an Infantry Battalion is that a soldier will go for PTTR cours e once he completed the Infantry Section Commander course and if the he is planned to be promoted to the rank of Staff Sergeant. Moreover, on average only 100 bits are given to Infantry Corps per year for the PTTR course.In comparison to the 300 personnel attended the Infantry Section Commander Course per year, less than 50% would have the chance to attend the PTTR course. Hence, approximately 200 personnel would not be competent enough to manage a section of soldiers in the Infantry Battalion. In the Sistem Saraan Malaysia (SSM), a Sergeant in the Infantry Battalion will have to complete the PTTR course if he wishes to have a better pay. He will be given the P2 salary for the rank of Sergeant. Therefore, it can be said that money could be the motivational level to attend the PTTR course.That motivation would force the learning of managerial and administrative knowledge during PTTR course where in return, it would make the Sergeant a better soldier, increasing his level of professio nalism. Thus, it leads to the question on the new SBPA salary structure system where salary of P2 no longer applies. There could be personnel by the rank of Sergeant no longer wish to attend the PTTR course if they feel that they would not be promoted to the rank of Staff Sergeant. Hence, it can be said to the extent that without the PTTR course they would be less professional.For an Infantry Battalion, the 57 Sergeant would not have the competency to manage approximately 500 soldiers in the battalion if no one attends the PTTR course. The chain reaction effect of this issue is that officers would have a larger responsibility in ensuring military professionalism is carried out in the Army. The responsibility supposedly to be shared among the NCOs and Officers in order to have a well structured organization as required in achieving military professionalism. Another area where CBTA is seen as does not promote the sense of professionalism is in terms of leadership training.CBTA is not effective when used as a basis for training in areas such as leadership, and management where it is almost impossible to measure competency in terms of clearly defined behaviors that contribute to effective management and leadership, hence affecting the characteristics of military professionalism. Such areas still rely on a subjective assessment made by experts in the field. For example many special forces training courses do use competencies as part of the training package where these competencies relate to measurable behaviors. Literally behaviors which can be measured with a stopwatch.However, the final assessment must be subjective. Such assessment could take the form of a group of experts examining each individual and asking a question that can only be answered subjectively such as ‘would you go to war with this man’. If the answer is no, then it doesn’t matter how many behavioral competencies the individual has passed, he is not suitable. Such subjective as sessment is probably still appropriate in assessing candidates for jobs where qualities are required that can only be defined subjectively by experts. For example priest, teacher, military officer or a flying instructor.All of these types of jobs require qualities that it is almost impossible to define in terms of behavior. It is hard to say what exactly a good leader is actually doing, but we know it when we see it. Attitude competencies generally fail because they can only be measured in the negative. For example, a competency might require the individual to demonstrate the right attitude to safety. Well you can easily measure the wrong attitude, if somebody lights a cigarette in a no smoking area, you have a behavior which clearly demonstrates a poor attitude to safety.But if the individual is not smoking, it doesn’t demonstrate a positive attitude, all it shows is that the person is not smoking. Officer training courses where students are aware that attitude is being asse ssed tend to lead to students falsifying their behaviors that they believe will be viewed in a positive light. For example demonstrating keenness by always smiling and being willing to do a task. Any assessment could only conclude that the person is competent at smiling and effective in using the language of volunteering, it says nothing about the individual’s attitude.The keen individual might well turn out to be displaying a competency in duplicitous behavior, which might well be useful but is hardly a trait likely to endear the individual to his or her subordinates. CBTA could also lead to soldiers feel complacent on their achievement. They only have to achieve competence level since the evaluation is either he is competent or not yet competent. In contrast, the Singapore Armed Forces (SAF) adopted the Competency Based Learning (CBL) and has a different competence level assessment.The differences between the Malaysian’s Army CBTA are that the SAF’s CBL evalua te performance based on five level of competency. The levels are, Novice/Advance Beginner, Competent, Proficient and Expert. The SAF feels that these are the necessary levels that should be assessed in CBL especially leadership training. Therefore, the Malaysian Army leadership training could be hampered in increasing level of professionalism due to soldiers feel that they only have to be assessed as competent. In order to excel, one should not feel complacent but try to bring the best out of him.In conclusion, the Malaysian Army should have a well defined terms and definition of military professionalism. From there, it would be able to understand how CBTA can improve the level of professionalism among its personnel. Based on the discussions, arguments and empirical evidence of CBTA achievements in the Army, it can be concluded that the level of professionalism could be increased solely by implementation of CBTA. Nevertheless, it does not mean that CBTA has failed in terms of its ob jectives, it merely need a minor overhaul in terms of the SKM level needed by Army personnel in achieving professionalism. 3894 words) REFERENCES 1. Janowitz, Morris, The Professional Soldier, The Free Press, New York, 1971. 2. Huntington, Samuel P. , The Soldier and the Slate, Belknap Press, Cambridge, Massachusetts, 1957. 3. Sarkesian, Sam C. , The Professional Army officer in a Changing Society, Nelson-Hall Publishers, Chicago, 1975. 4. Ramatahan, K. , Leadership Development Through the Singapore Armed Forces (SAF) Competency Based Learning Project, SAFTI Military Institute, Singapore, 2000. 5.Annual Report, Laporan Perkembangan Latihan dan Penilaian Berasaskan Kompetensi (LPBK) Tahun 2011, MK LAT-BPL(MLVK)/G3/3001/5(71) dated Feb 2012. 6. MACS Report, Pembangunan Standard Kompetensi Tentera Darat (SKTD) Untuk Tugas Penolong Ketua Platun Infantri Dan Ketua Seksyen Infantri, MK-TD Jab Inf, Kuala Lumpur, Jul 2008. 7. Paper Work, Konsep Strategi dan Perlaksanaan LPBK Dalam Angkatan Tentera Malaysia, MATM/J1CTK/A/238/8 dated 12 Dis 2005. 8. AF Code No 2, Jadual Kursus Tempatan Tahun 2011, Markas Pemerintahan Latihan dan Doktrin Tentera Darat, Kuala Lumpur, 2011.

Demeter and the Abduction of Persephone

The story of the abduction of Persephone is more a story about Demeter than it is about her daughter Persephone, so were starting this re-telling of the rape of Persephone beginning with her mother Demeters relationship with one of her brothers, her daughters father, the king of the gods, who refused to step in to help—at least in a timely manner. Demeter, goddess of the earth and grain, was sister to Zeus, as well as Poseidon and Hades. Because Zeus betrayed her by his involvement in the rape of Persephone, Demeter left Mt.Olympus to wander among men. Hence, although a throne on Olympus was her birthright, Demeter is sometimes not counted among the Olympians. This secondary status did nothing to lessen her importance for the Greeks and Romans. The worship associated with Demeter, the Eleusinian Mysteries, endured until it was suppressed in the Christian era. Demeter and Zeus Are Parents of Persephone Demeters relationship with Zeus had not always been so strained: He was the father of her much-loved, white-armed daughter, Persephone. Persephone grew up to be a beautiful young woman who enjoyed playing with the other goddesses on Mt. Aetna, in Sicily. There they gathered and smelled the beautiful flowers. One day, a narcissus caught Persephones eye, so she plucked it to get a better look, but as she pulled it from the ground, a rift formed... Demeter had not been watching too carefully. After all, her daughter was grown. Besides, Aphrodite, Artemis, and Athena were there to watch—or so Demeter assumed. When Demeters attention returned to her daughter, the young maiden (called Kore, which is Greek for maiden) had vanished. Where Was Persephone? Aphrodite, Artemis, and Athena didnt know what had happened, it had been so sudden. One moment Persephone was there, and the next she wasnt. Demeter was beside herself with grief. Was her daughter dead? Abducted? What had happened? No one seemed to know. So Demeter roamed the countryside looking for answers. Zeus Goes Along With Persephones Abduction After Demeter had wandered for 9 days and nights, searching for her daughter as well as taking out her frustrations by randomly torching the earth, the 3-faced goddess Hekate told the anguished mother that while she had heard Persephones cries, she had not been able to see what had happened. So Demeter asked Helios, the sun god—he had to know since he sees all that happens above the ground during the day. Helios told Demeter that Zeus had given their daughter to The Invisible (Hades) for his bride and that Hades, acting on that promise, had taken Persephone home to the Underworld. The imperious king of the gods  Zeus  had dared to give  Demeters daughter Persephone away to Hades, the dark lord of the Underworld, without asking! Imagine Demeters outrage at this revelation. When the sun god  Helios  insinuated that  Hades  was a good match, it added insult to injury. Demeter and Pelops Rage soon reverted to great sorrow. It was during this period that Demeter absentmindedly ate a piece of Pelops shoulder at a banquet for the gods. Then came depression, which meant Demeter couldnt even think about doing her work. Since the goddess wasnt providing food, soon no one would eat. Not even Demeter. Famine would strike mankind. Demeter and Poseidon It didnt help when Demeters third brother, the lord of the sea,  Poseidon, turned against her as she wandered in Arcadia. There he tried to rape her. Demeter saved herself by turning into a mare grazing along with the other horses. Unfortunately, horse-god Poseidon easily spotted his sister, even in mares form, and so, in stallion form, Poseidon raped the horse-Demeter. If ever she had given a thought to returning to live on Mt. Olympus, this was the clincher. Demeter Wanders the Earth Now, Demeter was not a heartless goddess. Depressed, yes. Vengeful? Not particularly, but she did expect to be treated well—at least by mortals—even in the guise of an old Cretan woman. Gecko Killing Pleases Demeter By the time Demeter reached Attica, she was more than parched. Given water to drink, she took the time to sate her thirst. By the time she had stopped, an on-looker, Ascalabus, was laughing at the gluttonous old woman. He said she didnt need a cup, but a tub to drink out of. Demeter was insulted, so throwing water at Ascalabus, she turned him into a gecko.Then Demeter continued on her way about another fifteen miles. Demeter Gets a Job Upon arriving at Eleusis, Demeter sat down by an old well where she began to cry. Four daughters of Celeus, the local chieftain, invited her to meet their mother, Metaneira. The latter was impressed with the old woman and offered her the position of nurse to her infant son. Demeter accepted. Demeter Tries to Make an Immortal In exchange for the hospitality shed been extended, Demeter wanted to do a service for the family, so she set about to make the baby immortal by the usual immersion in fire and ambrosia technique. It would have worked, too, if Metaneira hadnt spied on the old nurse one night as she suspended the ambrosia-anointed infant over the fire. The mother screamed. Demeter, indignant, put the child down, never to resume the treatment, then revealed herself in all her divine glory, and demanded that a temple is built in her honor where she would teach her worshipers her special rites. Demeter Refuses to Do Her Work After the temple was built Demeter continued to reside at Eleusis, pining for her daughter and refusing to feed the earth by growing grain. No one else could do the work since Demeter had never taught anyone else the secrets of agriculture. Persephone and Demeter Reunited Zeus—ever mindful of the gods need for worshipers—decided he had to do something to placate his raging sister  Demeter. When soothing words wouldnt work, as a last resort Zeus sent  Hermes  to  Hades  to bring the daughter of Demeter back up to the light. Hades agreed to let his wife Persephone go back, but first, Hades offered Persephone a farewell meal. Persephone knew she couldnt eat in the Underworld if she ever hoped to return to the land of the living, and so she had diligently observed a fast, but Hades, her would-be husband, was so kind now that she was about to return to her mother Demeter, that Persephone lost her head for a second—long enough to eat a pomegranate seed or six. Perhaps  Persephone  didnt lose her head. Perhaps she had already grown fond of her implacable husband. At any rate, according to a covenant among the gods, the consumption of food guaranteed that Persephone would be allowed (or forced) to return to the Underworld and Hades. And so it was arranged that Persephone could be with her mother Demeter for two-thirds of the year, but would spend the remaining months with her husband. Accepting this compromise, Demeter agreed to let seeds sprout from the earth for all but three months a year—the time known as winter—when Demeters daughter Persephone was with Hades. Spring returned to the earth and would again every year when Persephone returned to her mother Demeter. To further show her goodwill to man, Demeter gave another of Celeus sons, Triptolemus, the first grain of corn and lessons in ploughing and harvesting. With this knowledge, Triptolemus traveled the world, spreading Demeters gift of agriculture.